Pollinisateurs

Oiseaux

Amérique

• ♣ Hippeastrum aulicum var. platypetalum (Lindl.) Herb. [130 Ko] (Thanks to Julie Dutilh for the identification)
  Lithograph by John Gould, "Monograph of the Trochilidae, or Family of Hummingbirds" (1849-1861) vol. 4, plate 214 : Heliothrix auriculatus.
• ♣ Phycella herbertiana (?). Lithograph by John Gould, "Monograph of the Trochilidae, or Family of Hummingbirds" (1849-1861) vol. 2, plate 70 : Oreotrochilus Estella.
• À voir :Phycella herbertiana + Trochilus peruana. Baily, William L. 1855. Illustrations of Hummingbirds. Vol 2, plate 1. (Unpublised ; Academy of Natural Sciences Library, Philadelphia)
• ♦ Hippeastrum psittacinum et H. morelianum sont pollinisés par des oiseaux-mouches, qui visitent également H. aulicum, H. glaucescens et H. puniceum.
• ♦ Dans les Andes Urceolina et Ismene subgenus Pseudostenomesson sont présumés être pollinisés par les oiseaux.

Afrique

• ♦ « Lesser Double-collared Sunbird » visite les fleurs d’éricacées mais aussi de géophytes tels Haemanthus coccineus et Brunsvigia orientalis.
• ♣ Brunsvigia orientalis et « lesser double-collared sunbird » : www.naturalvisions.co.uk/imagedetail.aspx?tconid=1&bconid=10&photoID=29975, photo Colin Paterson-Jones.
• ♣ Brunsvigia orientalis et « southern double-collared sunbird » : www.naturalvisions.co.uk/imagedetail.aspx?tconid=1&bconid=10&photoID=57918 ; photoID=57919, photo Colin Paterson-Jones.
• ♣ Haemanthus sanguineus et « orange-breasted sunbird » : www.naturalvisions.co.uk/ImageDetail.aspx?tconid=1&bconid=10&photoID=59024, photo Colin Paterson-Jones.
• ♦ Scadoxus puniceus est pollinisé par des oiseaux nectarivores. *
• ♦ Les 3 espèces de Clivia à fleurs tubulaires pendantes sont pollinisées par des oiseaux.

Chauves-souris

• ♦ Hippeastrum calyptratum est visité par les chauves-souris.

Bibliographie*

• Eisikowitch, D. & J. Galil. 1971. Effect of wind on the pollination of Pancratium maritimum L. (Amaryllidaceae) by hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Journal of Animal Ecology 40: 673-678.
• Dafni, A. and Werker. 1982. Pollination ecology of Sternbergia clusiana (Ker-Gawler) Spreng. (Amaryllidaceae). New Phytologist 91:571-577. [PDF : www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1982.tb03335.x?cookieSet=1 = 2,3 Mo]
• Perez-Chiscano J.L. 1985. Insectos polinizantes en Narcissus serotinus L. Fontqueria 8: 5-8.
• Summerfield, A.M. & J.J.A.van der Walt. 1992. Why is Haemanthus pumilo a rare and endangered species. Veld & Flora 78(4): 107-109. [Disponible en ligne, numérisé en format jpeg]
• Herrera, C. M. 1995. Floral biology, microclimate, and pollination by ectothermic bees in an early-blooming herb. Ecology 76, 218-228. (Narcissus longispathus) [abstract : http://ebd06.ebd.csic.es/Resumenes/Ecology95a.html]
• Arroyo J & Dafni A. 1995. Variations in habitat, season, flower traits and pollinators in dimorphic Narcissus tazetta (Amaryllidaceae) in Israel. New Phytologist 129(1): 135-145.
• Dobson, HEM., Arroyo, J., Bergstroem, G,. Groth, I. 1997. Interspecific variation in floral fragrances within the genus Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 25(8):685-706. [abstract : http://md1.csa.com/crw/1998/smol21.html]
• Piratelli, A.J. 1997. Comportamento alimentar de beija-flores em duas especies de Hippeastrum Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) [Feeding behavior of hummingbirds in two Hippeastrum sympatric species]. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 57(2): 261-273. [abstract : www.csa.com/ids70/linkabst.php?issn=0034-7108&vol=57&firstpage=261]
• Winkler, Lothar: Fledermausbestäubte Pflanzen - Untersuchungen zur Chemie der Blütendüfte und zur olfaktorischen Attraktivität von Blütenduftstoffen auf Blumenfledermäuse Dissertation, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1998, 144 - 147. (German) (Hippeastrum calyptratum) (Bat-pollinated plants - Chemical aspects of interaction between plants and flower visiting bats)
• Goldblatt P., John C. Manning. 2000. The Long-Proboscid Fly Pollination System in Southern Africa. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 87(2): 146-170.
• Pérez-Mellado, Valentín; Felisa Ortega, Sandra Martín-García, Ana Perera & Gloria Cortázar. 2000. Pollen load and transport by the insular lizard Podarcis lilfordi (Squamata, Lacertidae) in coastal islets of Menorca (Balearic islands, Spain). Israel Journal of Zoology, Vol. 46: 193-200. [www.obsam.org/ficheros_pdf/pollen load Israel J Zoology.pdf]
• Manning J.C. & D. Snijman. 2002. Hawkmoth-pollination in Crinum variabile (Amaryllidaceae) and the biogeography of sphingophily in southern African Amaryllidaceae. South African Journal of Botany, 68: 212-216. [Abstract]
• BALMFORD, B.J., BALMFORD, A., BLAKEMAN, S., MANICA, A. & COWLING, R.M. In press. Diurnal versus nocturnal pollination of Brunsvigia gregaria R.A. Dyer (Amaryllidaceae) at a coastal site. Submitted to S. Afr. J. Botany.

Divers :

• Ward, Megan and Steven D. Johnson. 2005. Pollen limitation and demographic structure in small fragmented populations of Brunsvigia radulosa (Amaryllidaceae). Oikos, 108(2) 253. [Abstract]